The five filing statuses are: single, married filing jointly, married filing separately, head of household, and qualifying widow(er) with dependent child.
Single—If, on the last day of the year, you are unmarried or legally separated from your spouse under a divorce or separate maintenance decree and you do not qualify for another filing status.
Married Filing Jointly —You are married and both you and your spouse agree to file a joint return. (On a joint return, you report your combined income and deduct your combined allowable expenses.)
Married Filing Separately —You must be married. This method may benefit you if you want to be responsible only for your own tax or if this method results in less tax than a joint return. If you and your spouse do not agree to file a joint return, you may have to use this filing status.
Head of Household —You must meet the following requirements: 1. You are unmarried or considered unmarried on the last day of the year. 2. You paid more than half the cost of keeping up a home for the year. 3. A qualifying person lived with you in the home for more than half the year (except temporary absences, such as school). However, your dependent parent does not have to live with you.
Qualifying Widow(er)—If your spouse died in 2018, you can use married filing jointly as your filing status for 2018 if you otherwise qualify to use that status. The year of death is the last year for which you can file jointly with your deceased spouse. You may be eligible to use qualifying widow(er) with dependent child as your filing status for two years following the year of death of your spouse. For example, if your spouse died in 2018, and you have not remarried, you may be able to use this filing status for 2018 and 2019. This filing status entitles you to use joint return tax rates and the highest standard deduction amount (if you do not itemize deductions). This status does not entitle you to file a joint return

Qualifying child help text

Qualifying person help text

An IP PIN is a six-digit number assigned to eligible taxpayers that helps prevent the misuse of their Social Security number on fraudulent federal income tax returns.
Important: You currently can’t opt-out once you get an IP PIN. You must use your IP PIN to confirm your identity on all federal tax returns you file this year and in future tax years.